Urinary System Histology Questions

The inner layer of Bowman's capsule is the visceral layer. It
consists of cells called podocytes. The outer layer of Bowman's
capsule is the parietal layer. Pedicels are the foot processes on
the podocytes

A region where a portion of the
medulla project into the renal cortex are referred to as
medullary ray.

The kidney can be divided into an outer cortex and an inner
medulla. A kidney lobe consists of a medullary pyramid, its
overlying cortex, and the associated renal column. The renal
columns are the tissue in between the pyramids.

The kidney is involved in several things, in addition to urine
production.
Erythropoietin is produced in the kidney. Vitamin D is modified
in the kidney, specifically, there is the addition of hydroxyl
groups. The kidney plays an important role in acid base balance.
Renin is produced in the kidney.
Aldosterone is produced in the adrenal gland.

There are approximately one million (1,000,000) nephrons in
each kidney. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.

The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin. The
macula densa are specialized cells in the distal convoluted
tubule that are sensitive to sodium. The juxtaglomerular cells
and macula densa make up the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

The kidney can be divided into an outer cortex and an inner
medulla. A kidney lobe consists of a medullary pyramid, its
overlying cortex, and the associated renal column. The renal
columns are the tissue in between the pyramids

The inner layer of Bowman's capsule is the visceral layer. It
consists of cells called podocytes. Pedicels are the foot processes
on the podocytes.

The afferent arteriole branches off the interlobular artery. The
afferent arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus.

The kidney can be divided into an outer cortex and an inner
medulla. A kidney lobe consists of a medullary pyramid, its
overlying cortex, and the associated renal column. The renal
columns are the tissue in between the pyramids. The nephron is
the functional unit of the kidney. A region where a portion of the
medulla project into the renal cortex are referred to as
medullary ray

The lining of the bladder is transitional epithelium. Epithelium
lines body cavities and surfaces. There are domed shaped cells
on the apical surface.

The kidney tubules are simple cuboidal epithelium. Epithelium
lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple cuboidal epithelium is
"simple" because it is one cell thick. "Cuboidal" refers to the
shape of the cells.

The afferent arteriole branches off the interlobular artery. The
afferent arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus. The
glomerulus is a capillary tuft.

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule make up the renal
corpuscle. Another term for the renal corpuscle is Malpighian
corpuscle.

Large collecting tubules near the apex of the pyramid are the
ducts of Bellini. The ducts of Bellini are also called a papillary
ducts.

Bowman's capsule is a double layered cap surrounding the
glomerulus. This is the first portion of the uriniferous tubule.
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule make up the renal
corpuscle. Another term for the renal corpuscle is Malpighian
corpuscle.

Vasa recta are the "straight vessels"
which arise from some of the efferent arterioles.

The nephron can be divided into the glomerulus and uriniferous tubule. The capillary tuft of the nephron is referred to as the glomerulus.

The afferent arteriole branches off the interlobular artery. The
afferent arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus.

Bowman's capsule leads to the proximal convoluted tubule. The
proximal convoluted tubule leads to the loop of Henle. This then
leads to the distal convoluted tubule. The distal convoluted
tubule then leads to the collecting duct.

The macula densa are specialized cells in the distal convoluted
tubule that are sensitive to sodium. The juxtaglomerular cells
and macula densa make up the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

The nephron is
the functional unit of the kidney.

The afferent arteriole branches off the interlobular artery. The
afferent arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus. The
glomerulus is a capillary tuft. The glomerular capillaries
converge to form the efferent arteriole. The peritubular
capillaries is a second capillary network which arise after the
efferent arteriole.

Bowman's capsule leads to the proximal convoluted tubule. The
proximal convoluted tubule leads to the loop of Henle. This then
leads to the distal convoluted tubule. The distal convoluted
tubule then leads to the collecting duct.