Renal System Physiology Set 1

/25

Physiology (Renal System Set 1)

MCQ

1 / 25

1. Ammonia is an affective important urinary buffer for which of the
following reasons :

A) the walls of the renal tubules are impermeable to NH3

B) its production in the kidney decrease during chronic acidosis

C) its acid base reaction has a low pK

D) none of the above

2 / 25

2. Most of the glucose that is filtered through the glomerulus
undergoes reabsorption in the :

A) collecting duct

B) ascending limb of the loop of Henle

C) proximal tubule

D) distal tubule

E) descending limp of the loop of Henle

3 / 25

3. The greatest amount of hydrogen ion secreted by the proximal
tubule is associated with :

A) excretion of hydrogen ion

B) excretion of potassium ion

C) reabsorption of calcium ion

D) reabsorption of bicarbonate ion

E) reabsorption of phosphate ion

4 / 25

4. The effect of antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) on the kidney is to :

A) increase the diameter of the renal artery

B) increase the excretion of water

C) increase the excretion of Na+

D) increase the permeability of the distal nephron to water

5 / 25

5. All the following statements are true for the H + secreted into the lumen of the distal nephron except :

A) can combine with HCO3

B) can combine with HPO

C) is secreted by an H+ - ATP ase pump

D) can remains as free H

E) can combine with NH4 +

6 / 25

6. In controlling the synthesis and secretion of aldosterone , which of
the following factors is least important ?

A) renin

B) concentration of plasma Na+

C) adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH )

D) angiotensin II

E) concentration of plasma K+

7 / 25

7. Which of the following substances will be more concentrated at the
end of the proximal tubule than at the beginning of the proximal tubule ?

A) glucose

B) bicarbonate

C) sodium

D) creatinine

8 / 25

8. In the presence of ADH, The distal nephron is least permeable to :

A) urea

B) sodium

C) water

D) ammonia

E) carbon dioxide

9 / 25

9. Renal correction of acute hyperkalemia will result in :

A) acidosis

B) increased secretion of HCO3 -

C) alkalosis

D) increased secretion of H+

E) increased secretion of Na+

10 / 25

10. An increase in the osmolarity of the extracellular compartment
will :

A) cause no change in ADH secretion

B) stimulate the volume and osmoreceptors , and inhibit ADH secretion

C) stimulate the volume and osmoreceptors , and stimulate ADH secretion

D) inhibit the volume and osmoreceptors , and inhibit ADH secretion

E) inhibit the volume and osmoreceptors , and stimulate ADH secretion

11 / 25

11. The volume of plasma needed each minute to supply a substance at
the rate at which it is excreted in the urine is known as the :

A) tubular mass of the substance

B) clearance of the substance

C) diffusion constant of the substance

D) extraction ratio of the substance

E) filtration rate of the substance

12 / 25

12. Major determinants of plasma osmolarity include all the following
except :

A) chloride

B) glucose

C) albumin

D) hemoglobin

E) sodium

13 / 25

13. Amino acids are almost completely reabsorbed from the glomerular
filtrate via active transport in the :

A) proximal tubule

B) collecting duct

C) renal pelvis

D) distal tubule

E) loop of Henle

14 / 25

14. When a person is dehydrated, hypotonic fluid will be found in the :

A) collecting duct

B) proximal tubule

C) loop of Henle

D) glomerular filtrate

E) distal convoluted tubule

15 / 25

15. H+ secretion in the distal nephron is enhanced by all the following
except :

A) an increase in the level of plasma aldosterone

B) metabolic acidosis

C) respiratory acidosis

D) an increase in the tubular luminal concentration of poorly reabsorbable anions

E) hyperkalemia

16 / 25

16. The glomerular filtration rate will increase if :

A) the efferent arteriolar resistance decreases

B) circulating blood volume increase

C) the afferent arteriolar resistance increases

D) the plasma protein concentration increase

17 / 25

17. The primary renal site for the secretion of organic ions e.g urate,
creatinine is :

A) proximal tubule

B) loop of Henle

C) distal tubule

D) collecting duct

18 / 25

18. The amount of potassium excreted by the kidney will decreases if :

A) circulating aldosterone level increase

B) the excretion of organic ions increase

C) distal tubular flow increases

D) dietary intake of potassium increase

E) Na+ reabsorption by the distal nephron decreases

19 / 25

19. An increase in the concentration of plasma potassium causes
increase in :

A) secretion of ADH

B) secretion of aldosterone

C) release of renin

D) release of natriuretic hormone

E) production of angiotensin II

20 / 25

20. Extracellular bicarbonate ions serve as effective buffer for all the
following except :

A) carbonic acid

B) ß- hydroxybutyric acid

C) lactic acid

D) sulfuric acid

E) phosphate acid

21 / 25

21. The ability of the kidney to excrete a concentrated urine will
increase if :

A) the permeability of the proximal tubule to water decreases

B) the permeability of the collecting duct to water decreases

C) the rate of blood flow through the medulla decreases

D) the activity of the Na-K pump in the loop of Henle decreases

E) the rate of flow through the loop of Henle increases

22 / 25

22. In the distal tubules, sodium reabsorption is increased directly by
increased :

A) atrial natriuretic hormone secretion

B) aldosterone secretion

C) sympathetic nerve stimulation of the kidney

D) angiotensin secretion

E) antidiuretic hormone secretion

23 / 25

23. Which one of the following statements about aldosterone is
correct :

A) it causes an increased reabsorption of hydrogen ion

B) it produces its effect by increasing membrane permeability to potassium

C) it is secreted in response to an increase in blood pressure

D) it produces its effect by activating C-AMP .

E) it has its main effect on the proximal tubule

24 / 25

24. Select the correct answer about proximal tubules :

A) only 10% of the filtered water is reabsorbed

B) glucose , amino acids & proteins are completely reabsorbed

C) parathormone increase phosphate reabsorption

D) K+ is secreted in exchange with the Na+ which is reabsorbed under the effect of aldosterone

25 / 25

25. Glomerular filtration rate would be increased by :

A) a decrease in renal blood flow

B) a decrease in the concentration of plasma protein

C) constriction of the afferent arteriole

D) compression of the renal capsule

E) a decrease in afferent arteriolar pressure

Your score is

The average score is 0%

Renal System Physiology Set 1

Follow Us on Social Media