Renal System Physiology Set 2

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Physiology (Renal System Set 2)

MCQ

1 / 18

1. What percentage of filtered sodium is reabsorbed
by the kidney?

A) 1%

B) 93%

C) 99%

D) 50%

E) 100%

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2. The maximum effect of vasopressin occurs at :

A) distal convoluted tubule

B) thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

C) proximal convoluted tubule

D) cortical part of the collecting duct

E) medullary part of collecting duct

3 / 18

3. Where is the macula densa located?

A) afferent arteriole

B) efferent arteriole

C) thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

D) proximal convoluted tubule

E) distal convoluted tubule

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4. Na+ resorption does not occur in which part of the nephron?

A) distal convoluted tubule

B) proximal convoluted tubule

C) thick ascending loop of Henle

D) thin descending loop of Henle

E) collecting duct

5 / 18

5. The maximum clearance rate possible for a substance that is totally cleared from the plasma is equal to which of the following?

A) GFR

B) Urinary excretion rate of that substance

C) Filtered load of that substance

D) Filtration fraction

E) Renal plasma flow

6 / 18

6. About urea, all are true except :

A) is actively secreted by the renal tubular cells

B) concentration in the blood rises slightly after a high protein diet

C) concentration rises in tubular fluid as the glomerular filtrate passes down the nephron

D) causes osmotic diuresis when its blood concentration is increased

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7. About the proximal convoluted tubules , all are true except :

A) reabsorb most of Na+ ions in glomerular filtrate

B) reabsorb most of Cl- ions in glomerular filtrate

C) contains JGCs which secrete renin

D) reabsorb most of K+ ions in glomerular filtrate

8 / 18

8. Which of the following is transported via active
transport?

A) chloride

B) urea

C) glucose

D) bicarbonate

E) hydrogen

9 / 18

9. A 26-year-old man develops glomerulonephritis, and his
GFR decreases by 50% and remains at that level. For which of
the following substances would you expect to find the
greatest increase in plasma concentration?

A) Na+

B) K+

C) Glucose

D) Creatinine

E) Phosphate

10 / 18

10. The amount of H + excreted as titratable acid bound to phosphate would be increased by all the following except :

A) a decrease in the renal tubular maximum ( Tm ) for phosphate reabsorption .

B) an increase in the dietary intake of phosphate

C) an increase in the pH of the urine

D) an increase in the level of plasma parathyroid hormone ( PTH )

E) an increase in the amount of phosphate filtered at the glomerulus

11 / 18

11. Angiotensin II causes :

A) greater constriction of efferent than afferent arterioles

B) greater construction of afferent than efferent arterioles

C) constriction of efferent arterioles only

D) has no effect on arteriolar constriction

E) constriction of afferent arterioles only

12 / 18

12. Which is NOT resorbed via cotransport with Na+
in the PCT?

A) amino acids

B) lactate

C) phosphate

D) hydrogen

13 / 18

13. Which of the following changes tends to increase GFR?

A) Increased afferent arteriolar resistance

B) Increased Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure

C) Decreased efferent arteriolar resistance

D) Decreased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure

E) Increased glomerular capillary filtration coefficient

14 / 18

14. Which of the following changes tends to increase
peritubular capillary fluid reabsorption?

A) Increased efferent arteriolar resistance

B) Increased blood pressure

C) Increased renal blood flow

D) Decreased filtration fraction

E) Decreased angiotensin II

15 / 18

15. At which site does tubular fluid osmolality exceed that of
plasma by the greatest amount?

A) thick limb of loop of Henle

B) collecting duct

C) thin limb of loop of Henle

D) proximal tubule

E) distal tubule

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16. As urine flow increases during osmotic diuresis :

A) the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma

B) the osmolality of urine increases

C) the osmolality of urine is unchanged

D) the osmolality of urine depends primarily on other factor

E) the osmolality of urine falls

17 / 18

17. Aldosterone has its principle effect in the :

A) distal convoluted tubule

B) thick ascending loop of Henle

C) proximal convoluted tubule

D) descending loop of Henle

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18. Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic that also produces natriuresis. Which of the following is an undesirable side effect of furosemide due to its site of action on the renal tubule?

A) Hyperkalemia

B) Heart failure

C) Hypercalcemia

D) Decreased ability to concentrate the urine

E) Edema

Your score is

The average score is 33%

Renal System Physiology Set 2

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