Renal System Physiology Set 2

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Physiology (Renal System Set 2)

MCQ

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1. Angiotensin II causes :

A) has no effect on arteriolar constriction

B) constriction of efferent arterioles only

C) greater construction of afferent than efferent arterioles

D) constriction of afferent arterioles only

E) greater constriction of efferent than afferent arterioles

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2. About the proximal convoluted tubules , all are true except :

A) contains JGCs which secrete renin

B) reabsorb most of Na+ ions in glomerular filtrate

C) reabsorb most of Cl- ions in glomerular filtrate

D) reabsorb most of K+ ions in glomerular filtrate

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3. Which of the following changes tends to increase GFR?

A) Decreased efferent arteriolar resistance

B) Increased glomerular capillary filtration coefficient

C) Increased Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure

D) Decreased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure

E) Increased afferent arteriolar resistance

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4. As urine flow increases during osmotic diuresis :

A) the osmolality of urine is unchanged

B) the osmolality of urine falls

C) the osmolality of urine depends primarily on other factor

D) the osmolality of urine increases

E) the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma

5 / 18

5. Aldosterone has its principle effect in the :

A) proximal convoluted tubule

B) descending loop of Henle

C) thick ascending loop of Henle

D) distal convoluted tubule

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6. Which of the following changes tends to increase
peritubular capillary fluid reabsorption?

A) Increased renal blood flow

B) Decreased filtration fraction

C) Increased efferent arteriolar resistance

D) Decreased angiotensin II

E) Increased blood pressure

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7. A 26-year-old man develops glomerulonephritis, and his
GFR decreases by 50% and remains at that level. For which of
the following substances would you expect to find the
greatest increase in plasma concentration?

A) Na+

B) Phosphate

C) Creatinine

D) Glucose

E) K+

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8. Which of the following is transported via active
transport?

A) hydrogen

B) bicarbonate

C) chloride

D) urea

E) glucose

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9. What percentage of filtered sodium is reabsorbed
by the kidney?

A) 100%

B) 99%

C) 1%

D) 93%

E) 50%

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10. The maximum effect of vasopressin occurs at :

A) medullary part of collecting duct

B) thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

C) distal convoluted tubule

D) proximal convoluted tubule

E) cortical part of the collecting duct

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11. Where is the macula densa located?

A) proximal convoluted tubule

B) afferent arteriole

C) distal convoluted tubule

D) thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

E) efferent arteriole

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12. The maximum clearance rate possible for a substance that is totally cleared from the plasma is equal to which of the following?

A) GFR

B) Urinary excretion rate of that substance

C) Filtered load of that substance

D) Filtration fraction

E) Renal plasma flow

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13. Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic that also produces natriuresis. Which of the following is an undesirable side effect of furosemide due to its site of action on the renal tubule?

A) Edema

B) Hypercalcemia

C) Hyperkalemia

D) Heart failure

E) Decreased ability to concentrate the urine

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14. The amount of H + excreted as titratable acid bound to phosphate would be increased by all the following except :

A) an increase in the amount of phosphate filtered at the glomerulus

B) an increase in the dietary intake of phosphate

C) an increase in the pH of the urine

D) an increase in the level of plasma parathyroid hormone ( PTH )

E) a decrease in the renal tubular maximum ( Tm ) for phosphate reabsorption .

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15. Which is NOT resorbed via cotransport with Na+
in the PCT?

A) phosphate

B) amino acids

C) lactate

D) hydrogen

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16. Na+ resorption does not occur in which part of the nephron?

A) thin descending loop of Henle

B) distal convoluted tubule

C) collecting duct

D) thick ascending loop of Henle

E) proximal convoluted tubule

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17. About urea, all are true except :

A) is actively secreted by the renal tubular cells

B) concentration rises in tubular fluid as the glomerular filtrate passes down the nephron

C) concentration in the blood rises slightly after a high protein diet

D) causes osmotic diuresis when its blood concentration is increased

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18. At which site does tubular fluid osmolality exceed that of
plasma by the greatest amount?

A) proximal tubule

B) distal tubule

C) collecting duct

D) thin limb of loop of Henle

E) thick limb of loop of Henle

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Renal System Physiology Set 2

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