Physiology (Renal System Set 2)

MCQ

1 / 18

The amount of H + excreted as titratable acid bound to phosphate would be increased by all the following except :

A) an increase in the amount of phosphate filtered at the glomerulus

B) a decrease in the renal tubular maximum ( Tm ) for phosphate reabsorption .

C) an increase in the dietary intake of phosphate

D) an increase in the pH of the urine

E) an increase in the level of plasma parathyroid hormone ( PTH )

2 / 18

Aldosterone has its principle effect in the :

A) descending loop of Henle

B) thick ascending loop of Henle

C) distal convoluted tubule

D) proximal convoluted tubule

3 / 18

The maximum effect of vasopressin occurs at :

A) thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

B) medullary part of collecting duct

C) proximal convoluted tubule

D) cortical part of the collecting duct

E) distal convoluted tubule

4 / 18

Which of the following changes tends to increase GFR?

A) Increased afferent arteriolar resistance

B) Increased Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure

C) Decreased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure

D) Increased glomerular capillary filtration coefficient

E) Decreased efferent arteriolar resistance

5 / 18

About urea, all are true except :

A) concentration rises in tubular fluid as the glomerular filtrate passes down the nephron

B) causes osmotic diuresis when its blood concentration is increased

C) concentration in the blood rises slightly after a high protein diet

D) is actively secreted by the renal tubular cells

6 / 18

Which of the following changes tends to increase
peritubular capillary fluid reabsorption?

A) Decreased filtration fraction

B) Increased renal blood flow

C) Decreased angiotensin II

D) Increased efferent arteriolar resistance

E) Increased blood pressure

7 / 18

Where is the macula densa located?

A) afferent arteriole

B) proximal convoluted tubule

C) distal convoluted tubule

D) efferent arteriole

E) thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

8 / 18

Which is NOT resorbed via cotransport with Na+
in the PCT?

A) lactate

B) phosphate

C) hydrogen

D) amino acids

9 / 18

About the proximal convoluted tubules , all are true except :

A) contains JGCs which secrete renin

B) reabsorb most of K+ ions in glomerular filtrate

C) reabsorb most of Na+ ions in glomerular filtrate

D) reabsorb most of Cl- ions in glomerular filtrate

10 / 18

What percentage of filtered sodium is reabsorbed
by the kidney?

A) 93%

B) 1%

C) 50%

D) 99%

E) 100%

11 / 18

Angiotensin II causes :

A) constriction of efferent arterioles only

B) has no effect on arteriolar constriction

C) constriction of afferent arterioles only

D) greater constriction of efferent than afferent arterioles

E) greater construction of afferent than efferent arterioles

12 / 18

Which of the following is transported via active
transport?

A) chloride

B) hydrogen

C) bicarbonate

D) glucose

E) urea

13 / 18

Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic that also produces natriuresis. Which of the following is an undesirable side effect of furosemide due to its site of action on the renal tubule?

A) Heart failure

B) Hypercalcemia

C) Hyperkalemia

D) Edema

E) Decreased ability to concentrate the urine

14 / 18

A 26-year-old man develops glomerulonephritis, and his
GFR decreases by 50% and remains at that level. For which of
the following substances would you expect to find the
greatest increase in plasma concentration?

A) Phosphate

B) Creatinine

C) Na+

D) K+

E) Glucose

15 / 18

At which site does tubular fluid osmolality exceed that of
plasma by the greatest amount?

A) thick limb of loop of Henle

B) collecting duct

C) thin limb of loop of Henle

D) proximal tubule

E) distal tubule

16 / 18

The maximum clearance rate possible for a substance that is totally cleared from the plasma is equal to which of the following?

A) Filtration fraction

B) GFR

C) Filtered load of that substance

D) Urinary excretion rate of that substance

E) Renal plasma flow

17 / 18

Na+ resorption does not occur in which part of the nephron?

A) collecting duct

B) thick ascending loop of Henle

C) proximal convoluted tubule

D) thin descending loop of Henle

E) distal convoluted tubule

18 / 18

As urine flow increases during osmotic diuresis :

A) the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma

B) the osmolality of urine increases

C) the osmolality of urine falls

D) the osmolality of urine depends primarily on other factor

E) the osmolality of urine is unchanged

Your score is

The average score is 23%

Renal System Physiology Set 2

Renal System Physiology Set 2

Follow Us on Social Media