Thorax Anatomy Set 3

(E) The esophagus, anterior and posterior vagal
trunks, esophageal branches of the left gastric
vessels, and lymphatic vessels pass through the
esophageal hiatus

(E) The cardiac plexus does not contain synapses for sympathetic fibers, as these fibers
have already synapsed in the sympathetic trunk

(A) The fibers of the greater splanchnic nerve
synapse in the celiac ganglion

(C) The pulmonary plexus contains cell bodies
of postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers

(B) The greater thoracic splanchnic nerve originates from vertebral levels T5-9

(B) With the exception of coronary arteries,
vasoconstriction is sympathetically stimulated

(A) The inferior vena cava, terminal branches
of the right phrenic nerve, and lymphatics pass
through the caval opening of the diaphragm

(C) The greater, lesser, and least splanchnic
nerves are lower thoracic splanchnic nerves

(A) The lungs develop in the following periods:
pseudoglandular period, canalicular period, terminal sac period, and alveolar period

(E) The carotid arteries, arch of the aorta, pulmonary artery, and right subclavian artery are
derived from the original aortic arch system

(E) Sympathetic stimulation of the lungs results
in inhibition of the parasympathetic system,
bronchodilation, reduced secretion, and maximum air exchange

(A) Ribs form from costal processes of thoracic
vertebrae and thus are derived from the sclerotome of paraxial mesoderm

(A) The pleuropericardial membranes develop
into the fibrous pericardium

(B) Sympathetic fibers of the heart are accompanied by visceral afferent fibers, which convey
pain information

(D) In the synaptic trunk, presynaptic neurons
synapse with postsynaptic neurons immediately. Some fibers ascend and synapse, while
other fibers descend and synapse. Some fibers
pass into a splanchnic nerve without synapsing

(B) Sympathetic stimulation of the heart increases the rate and strength of contraction and
inhibits the effect of the parasympathetic system on coronary arteries, allowing them to
dilate

(B) The respiratory system is an outgrowth of
the ventral wall of the foregut

(B) The aorta, thoracic duct, and azygos vein
(sometimes) pass through the aortic hiatus

(E) Visceral afferent fibers of the tenth cranial
nerve are distributed to bronchial mucosa (for
cough reflex), bronchial muscles (for stretch
reception), interalveolar connective tissue (for
Hering-Breuer reflexes, limiting respiratory excursions), and pulmonary arteries (as pressure
receptors) and veins (as chemoreceptors)

(C) The entire cardiovascular system is derived
from mesoderm

The anterior mediastinum contains fat, sternopericardial ligaments, branches of internal
thoracic vessels, and lymphatic vessels

(A) With the exception of sweat glands, glandular secretion is parasympathetically stimulated

(E) The diaphragm is derived from the septum
transversum and pleuroperitoneal membranes.
Muscular components stem from lateral and
dorsal body walls and mesentery of the esophagus

The sympathetic trunk contains the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia; paravertebral ganglia; and the ganglion impar

(E) The level of the domes of the diaphragm
varies according to phase of respiration, posture,
and size and degree of distention of abdominal
viscera