Endocrinology diagnosis cases on Saturn Dx let you practise the reasoning behind fatigue, weight change, thirst, palpitations and abnormal blood tests. This free endocrine diagnosis game offers 123 clinical cases that reveal one hint at a time.
How our endocrinology diagnosis cases work
Pick a difficulty (Easy, Medium or Hard) and start a case. You see the patient presentation first. Type your diagnosis, and if it is wrong the next hint unlocks: examination findings, then laboratory results, then imaging or other investigations. The fewer hints you need, the more points you earn, and at the end you read a short explanation of why the diagnosis fits.
Why practise endocrinology diagnosis cases?
Hormone problems often hide behind vague symptoms, which makes the pattern of findings more important than any single clue. Weight, heart rate, blood pressure, skin changes and a few laboratory values can point towards the thyroid, the adrenal glands, the pituitary or the pancreas. These cases teach you to recognise whether a hormone is too high, too low or not working, and then to confirm it.
What you learn from each case
Every one of these endocrinology diagnosis cases ends with the same three things: the correct diagnosis, a short explanation of the reasoning, and the full list of clues so you can see where your thinking went right or wrong. Over time you start to recognise typical patterns in endocrinology medicine, you remember the key investigations for each condition, and you become faster at ruling out the dangerous causes first. Use the difficulty setting to begin with classic presentations and then move on to harder, more subtle cases.
Topics in the endocrinology diagnosis game
This area of medicine covers presentations such as:
- diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis
- hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
- Cushing syndrome and adrenal insufficiency
- pituitary tumours and hypopituitarism
- hyperparathyroidism and calcium disorders
- pheochromocytoma and primary aldosteronism
- obesity and the metabolic syndrome
- metabolic bone disease
How to approach a endocrinology case
Decide first whether the picture suggests too much hormone or too little. Then ask which gland is the likely source, and whether the problem is in the gland itself or in the signal that controls it. When test results appear, read them as a pair, for example a hormone and the hormone that controls it, because the relationship between them usually reveals the diagnosis.
- Write down two or three possible diagnoses before you type an answer.
- Use every hint to rule something in or out, not only to confirm your first idea.
- Read the explanation after each case, even when you were right.
Trusted resources to read next
After a case, deepen your understanding with Endocrine Society for resources on hormone health and disease, and MedlinePlus endocrine diseases for plain-language summaries of hormone disorders.
Keep studying with Saturn Medic
Test yourself with the Saturn Medic Question Bank, revise key facts with our medical flashcards, or return to the medical diagnosis game home page. You can also practise another system:
- Cardiovascular diagnosis cases
- Respiratory diagnosis cases
- Gastrointestinal diagnosis cases
- Renal System diagnosis cases
- Hematology diagnosis cases
- Infectious System diagnosis cases
Endocrinology diagnosis game FAQ
Are these endocrinology diagnosis cases free?
Yes. Every endocrinology case on Saturn Dx is free to play, and there is no limit on how many you can try. There are currently 123 endocrinology cases.
How many hints do I get in a endocrinology case?
Each case has between four and six clues. You start with the history, and every wrong answer unlocks the next hint, such as examination findings, laboratory results or imaging.
Are the endocrinology cases real patients?
No. They are original teaching scenarios written to match standard textbook presentations. Our team reviews each case before it goes live, and no real patient records are used.
All 123 endocrinology cases
- Endocrinology case #110 - A 31-year-old woman has lost weight over 4 months despite a good appetite.
- Endocrinology case #111 - A 36-year-old woman has been increasingly tired and weak for 6 months.
- Endocrinology case #112 - A 44-year-old man has had headaches and heavy sweating for 2 years.
- Endocrinology case #151 - A 45-year-old woman has had 8 months of tiredness, weight gain and feeling the cold.
- Endocrinology case #152 - A 19-year-old student has had 3 weeks of thirst, passing large volumes of urine and weight loss. For one day he has felt sick and has had…
- Endocrinology case #153 - A 54-year-old overweight man has had 3 months of thirst and getting up three times a night to pass urine.
- Endocrinology case #154 - A 34-year-old woman has gained weight over 18 months and her periods have become irregular.
- Endocrinology case #155 - A 55-year-old woman has had tiredness, thirst and increased urine volume for 6 months.
- Endocrinology case #156 - A 38-year-old woman has been found to have high blood pressure at a routine check and has occasional muscle weakness.
- Endocrinology case #157 - A 27-year-old woman has had no periods for 8 months and a persistent headache.
- Endocrinology case #158 - A 27-year-old man has been drinking and passing urine in large volumes for 2 months and wakes several times a night to drink.
- Endocrinology case #159 - A 31-year-old woman has episodes lasting 20 to 30 minutes of pounding headache, sweating and a racing heart.
- Endocrinology case #160 - A 24-year-old woman has had irregular periods since her teens, with increasing facial hair and acne.
- Endocrinology case #227 - A 12-year-old boy has been very thirsty and passing large volumes of urine for 3 weeks. He has started wetting the bed again.
- Endocrinology case #228 - A 24-year-old woman has had only 4 periods in the last year. She has also had acne and has been trying to conceive for 18 months.
- Endocrinology case #229 - A 14-year-old girl is brought by her mother because she is much shorter than her classmates and has not started puberty.
- Endocrinology case #230 - A 45-year-old woman had a total thyroidectomy for a large goitre. Two days later she has tingling around her mouth and in her fingertips…
- Endocrinology case #231 - A 17-year-old boy is seen because of breast enlargement. He is taller than his parents, has had learning difficulties and has not…
- Endocrinology case #232 - A 43-year-old woman has had episodes of confusion, odd behaviour and sweating, usually before breakfast or after missed meals, for 6…
- Endocrinology case #233 - A 32-year-old woman noticed a painless lump in the front of her neck 3 months ago. She had radiotherapy to the head and neck for lymphoma…
- Endocrinology case #234 - A 68-year-old woman has had a slowly enlarging swelling in the neck for more than 20 years. In the last 6 months she has become breathless…
- Endocrinology case #235 - A 66-year-old man who smokes heavily has had 3 weeks of nausea, headache and increasing confusion. He has lost weight and has a cough.
- Endocrinology case #236 - A 28-year-old woman has had episodes of pounding headache, palpitations and sweating for a year. Her father died young of a thyroid cancer…
- Endocrinology case #237 - A 58-year-old man with type 2 diabetes for 18 years has noticed that his right foot has become swollen and warm over 2 weeks. It is not…
- Endocrinology case #238 - A 61-year-old man with type 2 diabetes for 15 years has a painless sore on the sole of his right foot that he noticed when his wife saw…
- Endocrinology case #349 - A 38-year-old woman has noticed a lump in her neck for 6 months. She has felt tired and has gained 4 kg, and her mother takes thyroid…
- Endocrinology case #350 - A 44-year-old woman has been unusually tired and cold for a year. Her periods stopped 8 months ago and she has lost her axillary and pubic…
- Endocrinology case #351 - A 74-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes has been increasingly thirsty and passing a lot of urine for 3 weeks. She has had a cough and…
- Endocrinology case #352 - A 28-year-old man with type 1 diabetes was found by his flatmate sweaty, shaking and incoherent after missing lunch following a long run…
- Endocrinology case #353 - A 67-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis has taken prednisolone 10 mg daily for 4 years. She has had back pain since lifting a…
- Endocrinology case #354 - A 69-year-old woman has had a lump in her neck for 20 years. Over 4 months she has become anxious, lost 6 kg despite eating well and had…
- Endocrinology case #355 - A 58-year-old man has had headaches for 6 months and bumped into door frames twice. His wife says he has lost interest in sex and seems…
- Endocrinology case #356 - A 45-year-old woman with untreated thyroid overactivity has an infected foot and develops fever, agitation and vomiting. She then becomes…
- Endocrinology case #357 - A 32-year-old woman had a sore throat and fever 2 weeks ago. She now has severe pain at the front of the neck that spreads to her jaw and…
- Endocrinology case #358 - A 34-year-old man was told his cholesterol was very high at a screening visit. His father had a heart attack at 44 and an uncle died…
- Endocrinology case #359 - A 78-year-old woman is found on the floor of her unheated home in winter. She had been increasingly sluggish and constipated for months…
- Endocrinology case #360 - A 52-year-old woman has a painless neck lump that has grown slowly over 2 years. Recently she has had pain in her lower back.
- Endocrinology case #361 - A 46-year-old woman has a hard thyroid nodule and has had watery diarrhoea and facial flushing for 6 months. Her sister had a thyroid…
- Endocrinology case #362 - A 66-year-old woman has had a neck swelling for 15 years and for 6 months has had increasing breathlessness, noisy breathing when she lies…
- Endocrinology case #363 - A 63-year-old man who smokes has become progressively confused over a week with constipation, abdominal pain, thirst and passing large…
- Endocrinology case #364 - A 52-year-old man with a known pituitary tumour suddenly develops the worst headache of his life with vomiting and double vision. He then…
- Endocrinology case #365 - A 12-year-old boy has had headaches for 8 months and a recent decline in school performance. He is much shorter than his classmates, has…
- Endocrinology case #366 - A 36-year-old woman who covers her skin outdoors for cultural reasons has had 8 months of diffuse bone pain and difficulty climbing stairs…
- Endocrinology case #367 - A 74-year-old man has dull bone pain in the left thigh and has noticed his hat no longer fits. His hearing has worsened over the last year.
- Endocrinology case #368 - A 41-year-old woman who smokes has had a gritty, watery sensation in both eyes for 3 months. Her eyes look prominent and she sees double…
- Endocrinology case #369 - A 66-year-old man with a previous heart attack has been taking amiodarone for atrial fibrillation for 18 months. He now has palpitations…
- Endocrinology case #370 - A 78-year-old man who has had a goitre for decades notices it enlarging rapidly over 6 weeks. He now has hoarseness, difficulty swallowing…
- Endocrinology case #371 - A 33-year-old man is found to have a high calcium level at a routine check. He has no symptoms and no history of kidney stones or fractures.
- Endocrinology case #372 - A 35-year-old woman with bipolar disorder has had 6 months of passing 6 to 8 litres of urine a day, with extreme thirst and nocturia. She…
- Endocrinology case #373 - A 31-year-old nurse has lost 8 kg, feels hot and anxious and has palpitations for 3 months. She denies taking any medication but has been…
- Endocrinology case #585 - A 58-year-old man with type 2 diabetes for 14 years has burning pain and pins and needles in both feet that are worse at night. He has to…
- Endocrinology case #586 - A 47-year-old man with type 1 diabetes for 24 years has no visual symptoms; he attends for his annual eye screening and admits he has…
- Endocrinology case #587 - A 55-year-old man with type 1 diabetes for 25 years feels dizzy on standing and has episodes of nocturnal diarrhoea. He sweats heavily…
- Endocrinology case #588 - A 24-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes has unexplained swings in her glucose readings. Her insulin dose has crept up, and she gives all…
- Endocrinology case #589 - A 72-year-old man with type 2 diabetes on metformin 1 g twice daily has had 3 days of vomiting and diarrhoea. He is now drowsy and…
- Endocrinology case #590 - A 78-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes was started on a higher dose of gliclazide. She skipped lunch and in the afternoon became sweaty…
- Endocrinology case #591 - A 61-year-old woman with polymyalgia rheumatica started prednisolone 40 mg daily 3 weeks ago. She now has thirst, passing large amounts of…
- Endocrinology case #592 - A 66-year-old man with asthma took prednisolone 10 mg daily for 8 months. He stopped it suddenly 4 days ago because he felt better and now…
- Endocrinology case #593 - A 31-year-old woman, 4 months after an uncomplicated delivery, has palpitations, tremor, irritability and weight loss. She is…
- Endocrinology case #594 - A 35-year-old woman from a remote mountainous village in Central Africa has had a gradually enlarging neck swelling since adolescence. She…
- Endocrinology case #595 - A 6-day-old girl is noted at routine screening to have an abnormal heel-prick blood test. Her parents say she feeds sleepily and has been…
- Endocrinology case #596 - A 29-year-old woman has had irregular periods for 6 months and a milky discharge from both breasts. She started a new medication for…
- Endocrinology case #597 - A 15-year-old boy is worried because he is smaller than his friends and has not started puberty. His father was a late developer.
- Endocrinology case #598 - A 21-year-old athlete who trains 2 hours daily and has been on a strict diet has had no periods for 7 months. She has lost 8 kg and feels…
- Endocrinology case #599 - A 56-year-old man with chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis for 4 years has bone pain and itching. He takes little dairy and avoids…
- Endocrinology case #600 - A 14-month-old boy of a dark-skinned family, exclusively breast-fed with little time outdoors, is brought because he is late to walk and…
- Endocrinology case #601 - A 38-year-old woman with a recent viral illness has had 3 weeks of palpitations, tremor, sweating and tiredness. She has no neck pain and…
- Endocrinology case #602 - A 62-year-old man with type 2 diabetes woke with a drooping right eyelid and double vision. He has no headache, and his blood pressure and…
- Endocrinology case #603 - A 63-year-old man with type 2 diabetes has had 6 weeks of severe pain in the front of his right thigh, followed by weakness when climbing…
- Endocrinology case #604 - A 19-year-old woman has a fasting glucose of 6.7 mmol/L (121 mg/dL) found at an insurance medical. She is lean and has no thirst or weight…
- Endocrinology case #605 - A 45-year-old man was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 8 months ago and managed with tablets, but has lost 6 kg and his glucose control is…
- Endocrinology case #606 - A 33-year-old woman had a massive post-partum haemorrhage after her second delivery 18 months ago. She could not breastfeed, her periods…
- Endocrinology case #607 - A 17-year-old boy has no signs of puberty. He has never been able to smell flowers or food, and his mother says he was born with…
- Endocrinology case #608 - A 31-year-old woman has had no periods for 9 months. She has hot flushes, night sweats and vaginal dryness and wishes to have children.
- Endocrinology case #609 - A 16-year-old girl has never had a period. She is otherwise healthy and her sister has had normal periods since age 13.
- Endocrinology case #610 - A 61-year-old heavy smoker has had 2 months of severe weakness, weight loss, thirst and passing large volumes of urine. He recently…
- Endocrinology case #611 - A 37-year-old woman has gained 12 kg around her trunk over a year. She has easy bruising, irregular periods and new facial hair.
- Endocrinology case #612 - A 54-year-old man has had 8 months of episodes of facial flushing lasting minutes, watery diarrhoea and occasional wheeze. He has lost 5 kg.
- Endocrinology case #613 - A 34-year-old man has recurrent duodenal ulcers and diarrhoea, and has passed renal stones twice. His father had pituitary surgery and…
- Endocrinology case #614 - A 41-year-old man on long-term high-dose opioid treatment for chronic pain has lost his libido and morning erections over 18 months. He…
- Endocrinology case #615 - A 3-year-old boy has had five fractures after minor falls. His mother has had several fractures and is short with hearing loss.
- Endocrinology case #616 - A 9-year-old girl has had a limp and bone pain in her right thigh for 2 months, and began menstruating 3 months ago. Her breast development…
- Endocrinology case #617 - A 38-year-old woman had a gastric bypass operation 2 years ago for obesity. She now has episodes of sweating, tremor and confusion 1 to 3…
- Endocrinology case #618 - A 45-year-old man is found drowsy in the morning after a heavy drinking binge with little food over two days. He has no history of diabetes.
- Endocrinology case #619 - A 49-year-old man with heavy daily drinking has gained weight around his abdomen, has a flushed face and easy bruising, and reports low…
- Endocrinology case #620 - A 57-year-old woman with a long-standing goitre has had 4 months of tiredness, cold intolerance and weight gain. She has been taking a kelp…
- Endocrinology case #621 - A 63-year-old man with heart failure has noticed tender enlargement of both breasts over 3 months. He started a new tablet for his heart…
- Endocrinology case #622 - A 12-year-old girl has had tingling around her mouth and muscle cramps for months, and had a seizure. She is shorter than her peers and has…
- Endocrinology case #623 - A 53-year-old woman has a rapidly enlarging, hard neck mass over 6 months, with hoarseness and a feeling of tightness on swallowing and…
- Endocrinology case #624 - A 16-year-old boy has diarrhoea, a lump in the neck and episodes of headache and sweating. His father died young of thyroid cancer.
- Endocrinology case #625 - A 2-year-old girl has bowed legs, delayed walking and poor growth. Her parents are first cousins, and she has had adequate sunlight…
- Endocrinology case #626 - A 4-year-old boy has a waddling gait and bowed legs despite normal diet and sun exposure. His mother is short with bowed legs and had…
- Endocrinology case #627 - A 33-year-old nurse is admitted three times with unexplained episodes of sweating, confusion and collapse, usually in the evening at home…
- Endocrinology case #628 - A 47-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who started a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor 2 months ago has been fasting for a…
- Endocrinology case #629 - A 44-year-old man had a renal transplant 3 years ago after 10 years on dialysis. He has bone pain, constipation and passes large volumes of…
- Endocrinology case #630 - A 66-year-old man with a recent diagnosis of a large retroperitoneal mass has episodes of confusion and sweating, mostly in the early…
- Endocrinology case #631 - A 29-year-old man has noticed tender enlargement of his left breast over 2 months, along with a dull ache in the scrotum. He takes no…
- Endocrinology case #855 - A 33-year-old woman of South Asian origin, 26 weeks into her second pregnancy, has felt very thirsty and is passing a lot of urine. Her…
- Endocrinology case #856 - A 34-year-old woman has gained weight over two years, bruises easily, has stopped having regular periods and has been feeling low.
- Endocrinology case #857 - A 38-year-old woman had both adrenal glands removed laparoscopically three years ago for severe Cushing syndrome that could not be…
- Endocrinology case #858 - A 68-year-old man had a CT scan of his abdomen for kidney stone pain and a left adrenal mass was found by chance. He has no weight change…
- Endocrinology case #859 - A 32-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes has noticed a slowly enlarging patch on her left shin. It is not itchy, but a small knock last…
- Endocrinology case #860 - A newborn girl is born at term to a mother with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes who was not taking high-dose folic acid and conceived…
- Endocrinology case #861 - A 41-year-old woman of African-Caribbean origin has had a dry cough and breathlessness for a year. After a holiday in strong sunshine she…
- Endocrinology case #862 - A 38-year-old man of West African origin presents with a week of thirst, polyuria and weight loss and then vomiting. He is overweight and…
- Endocrinology case #863 - A 60-year-old woman with no known diabetes is admitted with a severe chest infection and sepsis. She was well before the illness and takes…
- Endocrinology case #864 - A 52-year-old man has had tiredness, joint pain and loss of libido for two years, and has just been diagnosed with diabetes.
- Endocrinology case #865 - A 21-year-old lean woman is found to have glucose 13 mmol/L at a university health check. She has no ketones. Her mother, grandmother and…
- Endocrinology case #866 - A 19-year-old man has diabetes diagnosed at 16 years, which has progressed to need insulin. He also has known cysts in both kidneys and his…
- Endocrinology case #867 - A 10-week-old girl is brought with poor feeding, irritability and weight loss. She was born at term with a low birth weight and no family…
- Endocrinology case #868 - A 36-year-old woman who is slim has developed diabetes and has had hearing loss in both ears since her twenties. She also gets migraines…
- Endocrinology case #869 - A 24-year-old man from southern India has had years of recurrent abdominal pain, now with weight loss and thirst. He has never drunk…
- Endocrinology case #870 - A 25-year-old woman has had palpitations and a family history of a goitre in her father and brother. She has not lost weight and her menses…
- Endocrinology case #871 - A 14-year-old boy has been hard of hearing since early childhood and has a swelling in the front of his neck that was noticed a year ago…
- Endocrinology case #872 - A 47-year-old man has had two years of progressive bone pain, muscle weakness and difficulty climbing stairs. He had two rib fractures…
- Endocrinology case #873 - A 9-month-old boy has had poor feeding, irritability and a seizure that did not respond to usual anticonvulsants. His parents are first…
- Endocrinology case #874 - A 29-year-old woman in the third trimester of an otherwise normal pregnancy has developed extreme thirst and passes 6 L of urine a day…
- Endocrinology case #875 - A 44-year-old man has had palpitations, sweating and weight loss for a year. He was previously diagnosed with an overactive thyroid but has…
- Endocrinology case #876 - A 62-year-old man with metastatic melanoma has been receiving combination immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for 10 weeks. He now has…
- Endocrinology case #877 - A 38-year-old woman with long-standing autoimmune hypothyroidism on thyroxine has recently developed fatigue, dizziness on standing, weight…
- Endocrinology case #878 - A 9-year-old girl has had recurrent oral thrush since infancy and ridged, pitted nails. At 8 years she developed tetany with a seizure.
- Endocrinology case #879 - A 28-year-old man has had several fractures after minor injury, including a transverse fracture of the femur. He has had mild anaemia and a…
- Endocrinology case #954 - A 54-year-old man with 8 years of heavy alcohol use and recurrent pancreatitis developed thirst, weight loss and passing large volumes of…