Liver, Gallbladder & Pancreas Development — Respiratory & Digestive Development

Liver, Gallbladder & Pancreas Development MCQs: practice questions

Sample Liver, Gallbladder & Pancreas Development multiple-choice questions from Respiratory & Digestive Development.

1. Which adult remnant of the left umbilical vein is found in the falciform ligament?

   • A. Median umbilical ligament
   • B. Ligamentum teres
   • C. Round ligament of uterus
   • D. Medial umbilical ligaments
   • E. Ligamentum venosum

2. What forms hepatic sinusoids during liver development?

   • A. Portal vein alone
   • B. Dorsal aorta surrounded by neural crest
   • C. Mesenteric lymphatics
   • D. Umbilical arteries surrounded by endoderm
   • E. Vitelline and umbilical veins surrounded by hepatic cords

3. Which part of the pancreas is formed by the ventral pancreatic bud?

   • A. Dorsal bud
   • B. Ventral bud
   • C. Cecal diverticulum
   • D. Hepatic diverticulum
   • E. Vitelline duct

4. Which signaling molecules from cardiac mesoderm induce hepatic development?

   • A. Insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin
   • B. hCG, LH, and FSH
   • C. BMP-2, TSH, and ACTH
   • D. FGF-1, FGF-2, and FGF-8
   • E. VEGF only

5. What is biliary atresia?

   • A. Absence of gallbladder only
   • B. Persistent vitelline duct
   • C. Failure of pancreatic fusion
   • D. Obliteration of extrahepatic and/or intrahepatic bile ducts
   • E. Failure of stomach rotation

6. What structure is stretched by rapid liver growth to form the ventral mesentery?

7. What forms the main pancreatic duct?

8. Which pancreatic bud forms the body and tail?

9. What is pancreas divisum?

10. Which pancreatic bud forms the body and tail?

11. What urinary finding can accompany biliary atresia?

12. Which liver cell type is mesoderm-derived?

13. What forms hepatic sinusoids during liver development?

14. What is pancreas divisum?

15. Into which embryonic tissue do hepatic cords grow?

16. What does the proximal one-third of the dorsal pancreatic duct normally do?

17. What stool color is characteristic of biliary atresia?

18. In what sequence do pancreatic islet cell types appear in the source?

19. Which pancreatic cells are derived from endoderm?

20. What structure forms the definitive pancreas?

21. What embryonic structure gives rise to the liver?

22. What forms the main pancreatic duct?

23. What hormone is produced by pancreatic beta cells?

24. Into which embryonic tissue do hepatic cords grow?

25. Which structures make up the ventral mesentery?

26. Which developmental movement brings the ventral pancreatic bud behind the duodenum?

27. Where does the main pancreatic duct open?

28. In what sequence do pancreatic islet cell types appear in the source?

29. What hormone is produced by pancreatic alpha cells?

30. What is the embryologic origin of the gallbladder epithelium?

31. What urinary finding can accompany biliary atresia?

32. Which adult remnant of the left umbilical vein is found in the falciform ligament?

33. What structure forms the definitive pancreas?

34. What embryonic outgrowth gives rise to the gallbladder rudiment?

35. What complication is a floating gallbladder particularly prone to?

36. Where does the main pancreatic duct open?

37. What does the proximal one-third of the dorsal pancreatic duct normally do?

38. Which part of the pancreas is formed by the ventral pancreatic bud?

39. What is a floating gallbladder?

40. Which structures make up the ventral mesentery?

41. What is the embryologic origin of the gallbladder epithelium?

42. What hormone is produced by pancreatic delta cells?

43. What complication is a floating gallbladder particularly prone to?

44. What hormone is produced by pancreatic beta cells?

45. What is a floating gallbladder?

46. Which signaling molecules from cardiac mesoderm induce hepatic development?

47. Which liver cell type is mesoderm-derived?

48. Which components of the definitive liver are endoderm-derived?

49. What stool color is characteristic of biliary atresia?

50. What embryonic outgrowth gives rise to the gallbladder rudiment?

51. What developmental process can produce a septated gallbladder?

52. What is biliary atresia?

53. Which pancreatic cells are derived from endoderm?

54. What developmental process can produce a septated gallbladder?

55. What structure is stretched by rapid liver growth to form the ventral mesentery?

56. Which components of the definitive liver are endoderm-derived?

57. Which developmental movement brings the ventral pancreatic bud behind the duodenum?

58. What embryonic structure gives rise to the liver?

59. What hormone is produced by pancreatic alpha cells?

60. What hormone is produced by pancreatic delta cells?