Cancer Genetics & Genomic Instability — Cancer & Molecular Disease Biology

Cancer Genetics & Genomic Instability MCQs: practice questions

Sample Cancer Genetics & Genomic Instability multiple-choice questions from Cancer & Molecular Disease Biology.

1. Which gene class can drive genomic instability through excessive proliferation?

   • A. Oncogenes
   • B. Only hemoglobin genes
   • C. Only telomere genes
   • D. Only mitochondrial genes
   • E. Only housekeeping genes

2. What is the relationship between angiogenesis and tumor size?

   • A. A tumor needs a developed capillary network to grow beyond a limited size
   • B. Angiogenesis prevents growth
   • C. Angiogenesis causes apoptosis
   • D. Angiogenesis occurs only after metastasis
   • E. Tumors never require blood vessels

3. Which cell-cycle component normally monitors DNA damage?

   • A. Telomeres
   • B. Lysosomes
   • C. Ribosomes
   • D. Checkpoint proteins
   • E. Growth factors only

4. What is the role of telomerase in cancer cells?

   • A. It causes apoptosis
   • B. It destroys DNA
   • C. It blocks cell division
   • D. It removes oncogenes
   • E. It helps maintain telomere length

5. What is cancer in situ?

   • A. A distant metastasis
   • B. A benign tumor
   • C. A malignant tumor confined to its place of origin
   • D. A tumor after complete spread
   • E. A tumor in the bloodstream

6. What is genomic instability in cancer most directly related to?

7. What is cancer at the cellular level?

8. Which mutation pattern can drive cancer progression?

9. Which event marks progression toward metastatic disease?

10. What cellular feature contributes to cancer-cell motility?

11. What happens when checkpoint proteins are mutated?

12. What happens as cancer cells become progressively more abnormal?

13. What is the relationship between mutation and cancer?

14. Which feature of cancer cells contributes to unlimited replication?

15. Which process allows a tumor to obtain additional oxygen and nutrients?

16. Which feature distinguishes malignant from benign tumors?

17. Which gene class can contribute to genomic instability when mutated?

18. What is malignancy in the context of nearby lymph nodes?

19. Why can cancer cells form tumors?

20. Which enzymes help cancer cells invade underlying tissue?

21. What occurs during promotion?

22. Which sequence describes the major stages of carcinogenesis in Mader?

23. Which structure must invasive cancer cells cross to enter underlying tissue?

24. What can low oxygen in a tumor center trigger?

25. Which cancer cells are more likely to spread according to Mader?

26. What occurs during progression?

27. What is metastasis?

28. Which cancer behavior worsens prognosis most directly?

29. What is the central genetic basis of cancer progression?

30. What occurs during initiation of carcinogenesis?