On This Page
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IntroductionIntroduction
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AimAim
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ToolsTools
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Steps & MethodsSteps & Methods
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Parameters, Theory & Final LawParameters, Theory & Final Law
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Table of The readingsTable of The readings
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Medical ApplicationMedical Application
Introduction to the Surface Tension of Water by the Capillary Tube Method
Surface Tension is a property of a liquid surface displayed by its acting as if it were a stretched elastic membrane. This phenomenon can be observed in the nearly spherical shape of small drops of liquids and of soap bubbles.
Because of this property, certain insects can stand on the surface of water. The high surface tension of water is caused by strong molecular interactions.
The surface tension arises due to cohesive interactions between the molecules in the liquid. At the bulk of the liquid, the molecules have neighboring molecules on each side.
Aim Of The Surface Tension Of Water By The Capillary Tube Method
To measure the surface tension of water by capillary tube method.
Tools Of The Surface Tension Of Water By The Capillary Tube Method
- Three glass capillary tubes – one of medium diameter, one larger, and one smaller.
- Dilute nitric acid
- Dilute caustic soda solution
- Travelling microscope or glass scale
- Rubber bands
- Beaker
- Stand and clamp
- Thermometer
Steps And Method of The Experiment
- Clean the three capillary tubes, beaker, and glass scale with nitric acid, tap water, caustic soda, and finally tap water.
- Select the medium-bore capillary tube and attach a bent pin using a rubber band.
- Fix the tube vertically in a clamp with its lower end immersed in water.
- Move the tube slightly down and return it to its original position to ensure proper wetting.
- Adjust the bent pin until its tip just touches the water surface.
- Focus the travelling microscope on the bottom of the meniscus and record the reading .
- Mark the meniscus position, remove the beaker, and focus the microscope on the bent-pin tip. Record the reading .
- Cut the capillary at the marked position and measure its internal diameter , taking the mean of two perpendicular measurements.
- Repeat the procedure for the other two capillary tubes.
- Record the temperature of the water.
Capillary Tube Method Surface Tension Experiment: Theory
Parameters & Final Law
Table of The Readings
Table of the Readings
| d1 | d2 | d = d2 − d1 | h1 | h2 | h = h2 − h1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Medical Application For Surface Tension Of Water By The Capillary Tube Method
In medicine, surface tension measurement is above all used in connection with various pathological states of lung surfactants such as adult respiratory distress syndrome, bronchial asthma, and pneumonia.
Frequently Asked Questions About the Surface Tension of Water by the Capillary Tube Method
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