Vasculitis & Congenital Heart Disease — Cardiovascular

Vasculitis & Congenital Heart Disease MCQs: practice questions

Sample Vasculitis & Congenital Heart Disease multiple-choice questions from Cardiovascular.

1. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome) is characteristically associated with which clinical feature?

   • A. Isolated renal disease with no respiratory involvement
   • B. Asthma and marked peripheral eosinophilia
   • C. Complete absence of any allergic history
   • D. Isolated skin findings with no systemic involvement
   • E. mainly affects the cardiac valves

2. Microscopic polyangiitis differs from granulomatosis with polyangiitis primarily by which feature?

   • A. The two conditions are histologically comparable in every respect
   • B. Microscopic polyangiitis rarely involves the kidneys
   • C. GPA rarely involves the lungs
   • D. Microscopic polyangiitis is associated mainly with large-vessel involvement
   • E. Microscopic polyangiitis lacks the granulomatous inflammation seen in GPA

3. c-ANCA (anti-proteinase 3) antibodies are most strongly associated with which vasculitis?

   • A. Giant cell arteritis
   • B. Kawasaki disease
   • C. IgA vasculitis
   • D. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
   • E. Buerger disease

4. Patent ductus arteriosus, if left uncorrected, typically produces which type of shunt?

   • A. A right-to-left shunt from birth
   • B. No hemodynamically significant shunt in most patient
   • C. A shunt limited mainly to systole
   • D. A continuous left-to-right shunt
   • E. A shunt mainly between the two atria

5. Giant cell arteritis is frequently associated with which other rheumatologic condition?

   • A. Polymyalgia rheumatica
   • B. Systemic lupus erythematosus
   • C. Rheumatoid arthritis mainly
   • D. Gout
   • E. Psoriatic arthritis

6. Which congenital heart defect is most commonly associated with Down syndrome?

7. Vasculitis is broadly defined as inflammation primarily affecting which structure?

8. Which of the following congenital heart defects is generally classified as acyanotic at presentation, assuming an uncomplicated course?

9. Which best explains why giant cell arteritis is considered a medical urgency requiring prompt corticosteroid treatment?

10. Neonatal cyanosis presenting immediately at birth, refractory to supplemental oxygen, most strongly suggests which category of underlying disease?

11. Giant cell (temporal) arteritis classically affects which vessel size category, and which artery in particular?

12. IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura) is classically associated with which combination of findings in children?

13. Tetralogy of Fallot is classically described as producing which type of cyanosis pattern?

14. p-ANCA (anti-myeloperoxidase) antibodies are most classically associated with which conditions?

15. Kawasaki disease, primarily affecting young children, poses its greatest long-term risk through which cardiac complication?

16. Coarctation of the aorta occurring distal to the ductus arteriosus (adult type) classically produces which clinical finding?

17. Chronic, uncorrected left-to-right shunting in a large VSD can eventually lead to which serious complication?

18. Takayasu arteritis, sometimes called "pulseless disease," primarily affects which vessel?

19. An atrial septal defect commonly remains asymptomatic for decades because of which hemodynamic feature?

20. Which vasculitis is most strongly associated with hepatitis B infection in a subset of affected patients?

21. Ebstein anomaly is characterized by which structural abnormality?

22. Tetralogy of Fallot consists of which combination of four anatomic features?

23. Indomethacin can be used therapeutically in neonates to help close which congenital structure?

24. A ventricular septal defect, the most common congenital heart defect, typically causes which type of shunt?

25. GPA (formerly Wegener granulomatosis) classically involves which combination of organ systems?

26. Which vessel size category is most classically affected by Kawasaki disease?

27. Maternal rubella infection during pregnancy is classically associated with which triad of congenital heart defects and other anomalies?

28. Transposition of the great arteries, without an associated shunt, is generally incompatible with life after birth. Why?

29. Buerger disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) is strongly associated with which risk factor?

30. Polyarteritis nodosa classically affects which category of vessels, with a characteristic pattern of involvement?