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Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy — General Surgery

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Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy

General Surgery · Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy · medium

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Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy MCQs: practice questions

Sample Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy multiple-choice questions from General Surgery.

What is the primary extracellular cation?
- A. Peaked T waves
- B. Hypocalcemia
- C. Sodium
- D. Hypokalemia
- E. It provides a practical marker of renal perfusion
Which fluid is most appropriate for initial treatment of severe extracellular volume depletion?
- A. Peaked T waves
- B. Hypertonic saline
- C. Replace measured and ongoing losses while avoiding unnecessary excess
- D. Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation
- E. Isotonic crystalloid
Which condition typically causes a high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis?
- A. Respiratory alkalosis
- B. Hypertonic saline
- C. Magnesium replacement
- D. Lactic acidosis
- E. Replace measured and ongoing losses while avoiding unnecessary excess
A patient has severe hyperkalemia with ECG changes. Which therapy immediately stabilizes the cardiac membrane?
- A. Peaked T waves
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Na − (Cl + HCO3)
- D. Intravenous calcium
- E. Albumin
A patient with hypomagnesemia has refractory hypokalemia. What should be considered?
- A. Osmotic demyelination syndrome
- B. Respiratory alkalosis
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Hypocalcemia
- E. Magnesium replacement
Which acid-base disturbance can result from opioid-induced hypoventilation?
A patient with vomiting has hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Which electrolyte abnormality commonly accompanies it?
Which acid-base disorder is expected after prolonged diarrhea?
Which fluid contains a colloid with relatively sustained intravascular retention but has important safety limitations?
Rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia risks
A patient with severe symptomatic hyponatremia develops seizures. Which type of fluid may be indicated?
Which ECG change is classically associated with hyperkalemia?
Which renal response compensates for respiratory acidosis?
A patient receiving large volumes of normal saline develops hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Why?
The anion gap is calculated using
A patient with metabolic alkalosis due to gastric losses often improves with
Which finding suggests fluid overload rather than inadequate resuscitation?
Persistent vomiting most commonly causes
What is the primary intracellular cation?
Why is urine output monitored closely during fluid resuscitation?
A patient has pH 7.25, low bicarbonate, and compensatory low PaCO2. This is
A patient with severe hypernatremia develops neurologic symptoms. Rapid correction is dangerous because it can cause
Which disorder is suggested by pH 7.55 and low PaCO2?
Which parameter represents the metabolic component of acid-base balance?
Which therapy shifts potassium into cells?
Which electrolyte abnormality can cause neuromuscular irritability and tetany?
Which fluid is relatively hypotonic after glucose metabolism and is useful for free-water replacement?
The safest general principle in postoperative fluid therapy is to
Which laboratory value is most useful for estimating total body water status?
Which parameter determines the respiratory component of acid-base balance?

Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy — General Surgery

Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid–Base Therapy MCQs: practice questions

What is the primary extracellular cation?

Which fluid is most appropriate for initial treatment of severe extracellular volume depletion?

Which condition typically causes a high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis?

A patient has severe hyperkalemia with ECG changes. Which therapy immediately stabilizes the cardiac membrane?

A patient with hypomagnesemia has refractory hypokalemia. What should be considered?

Which acid-base disturbance can result from opioid-induced hypoventilation?

A patient with vomiting has hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Which electrolyte abnormality commonly accompanies it?

Which acid-base disorder is expected after prolonged diarrhea?

Which fluid contains a colloid with relatively sustained intravascular retention but has important safety limitations?

Rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia risks

A patient with severe symptomatic hyponatremia develops seizures. Which type of fluid may be indicated?

Which ECG change is classically associated with hyperkalemia?

Which renal response compensates for respiratory acidosis?

A patient receiving large volumes of normal saline develops hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Why?

The anion gap is calculated using

A patient with metabolic alkalosis due to gastric losses often improves with

Which finding suggests fluid overload rather than inadequate resuscitation?

Persistent vomiting most commonly causes

What is the primary intracellular cation?

Why is urine output monitored closely during fluid resuscitation?

A patient has pH 7.25, low bicarbonate, and compensatory low PaCO2. This is

A patient with severe hypernatremia develops neurologic symptoms. Rapid correction is dangerous because it can cause

Which disorder is suggested by pH 7.55 and low PaCO2?

Which parameter represents the metabolic component of acid-base balance?

Which therapy shifts potassium into cells?

Which electrolyte abnormality can cause neuromuscular irritability and tetany?

Which fluid is relatively hypotonic after glucose metabolism and is useful for free-water replacement?

The safest general principle in postoperative fluid therapy is to

Which laboratory value is most useful for estimating total body water status?

Which parameter determines the respiratory component of acid-base balance?